LÕPLIK
A6-0072/2006
27.3.2006
RAPORT
Liiklusohutus: kodanikele hädaabikõnede lähemale toomine
(2005/2211(INI))
Transpordi- ja turismikomisjon
Raportöör:
Gary Titley
PE 367.657v03-00
SISUKORD
EUROOPA PARLAMENDI RESOLUTSIOONI ETTEPANEK................................................3
EXPLANATORY STATEMENT................................................................................................6
MENETLUS..............................................................................................................................12
EUROOPA PARLAMENDI RESOLUTSIOONI ETTEPANEK
Liiklusohutus: kodanikele hädaabikõnede lähemale toomine
( 2005/2211(INI) )
Euroopa Parlament ,
– võttes arvesse komisjoni valget raamatut “Euroopa transpordipoliitika 2010: aeg otsustada” ( KOM(2001)0370 ) ja oma 12. veebruari 2003. aasta sellekohast resolutsiooni
ELT C 43 E, 19.2.2004, lk 250. ;
– võttes arvesse komisjoni teatist “Turvaliste ja intelligentsete sõidukite info- ja sidetehnoloogia” ( KOM(2003)0542 );
– võttes arvesse komisjoni teatist “Euroopa liiklusohutuse tegevuskava – Euroopa Liidu liiklusõnnetusohvrite arvu vähendamine poole võrra aastaks 2010: jagatud vastutus” ( KOM(2003)0311 ) ja oma 2004. aasta oktoobri väljaannet “Päästa 20 000 elu meie teedel”;
– võttes arvesse komisjoni 6. aprilli 2004. aasta soovitust 2004/345/EÜ liiklusohutuse valdkonnas jõustamise kohta
ELT L 111, 17.4.2004, lk 75. ;
– võttes arvesse 5. detsembri 2003. aasta Verona deklaratsiooni liiklusohutuse kohta ning ELi transpordiministrite 2004. aasta teise Verona kohtumise järeldusi ning seejärel ministrite antud lubadust pidada liiklusohutust prioriteediks;
– võttes arvesse komisjoni teatist “i2010 – Euroopa infoühiskond majanduskasvu ja tööhõive eest” ( KOM(2005)0229 );
– võttes arvesse komisjoni 2. teatist e-ohutuse kohta “Kodanikele hädaabikõnede lähemale toomine” ( KOM(2005)0431 );
– võttes arvesse kodukorra artiklit 45;
– võttes arvesse transpordi- ja turismikomisjoni raportit ( A6-0072/2006 ),
A. arvestades, et 25 liikmesriigist koosneva ELi liiklusõnnetustes hukkus 2004. aastal 43000 inimest ning üleeuroopaline sõidukisisene hädaabikõne teenus/funktsioon “automaatsed hädaabikõned” säästaksid kuni 2500 elu aastas ning vähendaksid vigastuste raskusastet kuni 15%;
B. arvestades, et automaatse hädaabikõnede süsteemi kasutuselevõtmisega väheneksid iga-aastased maanteeliikluse väliskulud umbes 26 miljardit eurot, vabastades kodanikud 26 miljardi euro suurusest maksukoormusest; arvestades, et jõupingutusi tuleks teha väliskulude vähendamiseks, mitte nende muutmiseks omakuludeks;
C. arvestades, et automaatne hädaabikõnede süsteem võimaldaks vähendada õnnetusjuhtumile reageerimise aega ligikaudu 40% linnapiirkondades ja 50% maapiirkondades;
D. arvestades, et automaatset hädaabikõnede süsteemi tuleb tervitada intelligentse auto algatuse nurgakivina
KOM(2005)0229 . ;
E. arvestades, et automaatsete hädaabikõnede ulatuslik väljaarendamine 2009. aastaks on e-ohutuse algatuse prioriteet;
F. arvestades, et e-ohutuse tehnoloogiate, süsteemide ja teenuste valdkonnas on toimunud märkimisväärne edasiminek ning tulevikupotentsiaal on ka Galileo programmi välja arendamisel;
1. tunneb heameelt asjaolu üle, et e-ohutuse teisel kõrgetasemelisel kohtumisel liikmesriikidega allkirjastasid vastastikuse mõistmise memorandumi neli liikmesriiki, täpsemalt Kreeka, Itaalia, Leedu ja Sloveenia, ühinedes praeguseks allakirjutanud Soome, Rootsi ja viimati allakirjutanud Küprosega;
2. saab innustust selliste teiste liikmesriikide panusest, kes on juba alustanud vastastikuse mõistmise memorandumi allkirjastamise menetlust (Tšehhi, Taani, Holland ja Saksamaa), ning kutsub veel mitte alla kirjutanud riike üles näitama poliitilist tahet seda teha;
3. rõhutab, kui tähtis on, et kõik liikmesriigid allkirjastaksid vastastikuse mõistmise memorandumi võimalikult kiiresti, et näidata teistele sidusrühmadele selget panust automaatsete hädaabikõnede rakendamisse, kui automaatsed hädaabikõned tahetakse 2009. aastaks täielikult välja arendada;
4. soovitab seega, võttes arvesse Galileo programmi puhul kokkulepitud ajakava, et automaatsete hädaabikõnede täielik juurutamine oleks sünkroniseeritud 2010. aastal algava Galileo satelliitpositsioneerimissüsteemi tervikliku käivitamise etapiga;
5. usub, et tõelise läbimurde saavutamiseks tuleb vastastikuse mõistmise memorandum muuta eellepinguks, mille kõik sidusrühmad esimesel võimalusel allkirjastavad;
6. nõuab tungivalt, et liikmesriikide ametiasutused lisaksid automaatseid hädaabikõnesid puudutava teabe oma liiklusohutuskampaaniate materjalide hulka;
7. tervitab autotööstuse ühemõtteliselt pooldavat seisukohta automaatse hädaabikõnede süsteemi kasutuselevõtu suhtes;
8. märgib, et automaatne hädaabikõnede süsteem põhineb numbrite 112 ja E112 (hädaabikõnede asukohateabe nõuded avalikus traadita võrgus) kasutamisel;
9. tuletab meelde, et enamik liikmesriike on Euroopa ühtse hädaabinumbri 112 kasutamise julgustamisel aeglustunud; palub komisjoni hinnata Euroopa Parlamendi ja nõukogu 7. märtsi 2002. aasta direktiivi 2002/22/EÜ, mis käsitleb universaalteenust ning kasutajate õigusi elektrooniliste sidevõrkude ja –teenuste puhul (universaalteenuse direktiiv)
EÜT L 108, 24.4.2002, lk 51. , rakendamist liikmesriikide poolt seoses Euroopa ühtsele hädaabinumbrile asjakohase vastamise ja kõnede töötlemisega, sealhulgas helistaja asukoha tuvastamisega;
10. nõuab tungivalt, et liikmesriigid võimalikult kiiresti rakendaksid ja edendaksid numbrite 112 ja E112 kasutamist ning võtaksid meetmeid häirekeskustes asjaomase infrastruktuuri loomiseks nagu keeleõpe, kättesaadavus, asukoha tuvastamine ja kõnede töötlemine, et täita E112 määrust, mis seejärel võimaldab teha täiendavaid uuendusi automaatsete hädaabikõnede töötlemiseks;
11. võtab teadmiseks erinevuse komisjoni ja tööstuse hinnangutes sõidukitesse sisseehitatud automaatse hädaabikõnede süsteemi maksumuse kohta;
12. palub komisjonil ja tööstusel teha iga automaatsete hädaabikõnede rakendamiseks vajaliku meetme kohta põhjalikum kulutasuvuse analüüs;
13. on teadlik, et automaatsete hädaabikõnede jaoks vajalik tehnoloogia aitab kaasa ka muude uuenduslike aktiivsete turvarakenduste kiirele vastuvõtmisele, vähendades nende rakendamise piirmaksumust;
14. on teadlik, et paljusid uusi tehnoloogiaid ei saa hetkeliselt kasutusele võtta, ning julgustab seepärast komisjoni ja tööstust kaaluma automaatsete hädaabikõnede järkjärgulist kasutuselevõtmist ja ulatuslikku väljaarendamist sisseehitatud sõidukisüsteemide ja alternatiivsete süsteemide nagu juhtide mobiiltelefonide ja Bluetooth-tehnoloogia ning sisseehitatud mobiiltelefonide koos kasutamise kaudu, võttes kõige selle juures arvesse juhtide ja sõitjate õigust privaatsusele;
15. võttes arvesse automaatsete hädaabikõnede võimalikku maksumust, mis võib olla suurem pidevate piirangute all kannatavates piirkondades, ja olles teadlik asjaolust, et paljud uued tehnoloogiad võivad osutuda kalliks ning et uute autode (eriti autoturu odavamate autode) ostjad ei taha ega suuda alati maksta täishinda; kutsub kõiki sidusrühmi üles tegema koostööd, et määratleda automaatse hädaabikõnede süsteemi juurutamist kiirendavaid tegureid;
16. on eriti mures, et automaatsete hädaabikõnede maksumus võib olla ülemäära kallis neile, kes seda kõige rohkem vajavad, nagu näiteks maapiirkondade või eraldatud alade elanikele;
17. tervitab komisjoni edasisi algatusi ja teatisi e-ohutuse valdkonnas;
18. teeb presidendile ülesandeks edastada käesolev resolutsioon nõukogule, komisjonile ning liikmesriikide valitsustele ja parlamentidele.
EXPLANATORY STATEMENT
1.
Presentation of eCall
The eCall scheme is part of the eSafety initiative
Communication on Information and Communications Technologies for Safe and Intelligent Vehicles, COM(2003)0542 , 15.9.2003. .
It consists of the establishment of a harmonised pan-European in-vehicle emergency call.
In case of an accident, the eCall device in the vehicle will transmit an emergency call with data that goes directly to the nearest emergency call centre. eCall can be triggered manually, but in case of a serious accident the car will send the call automatically.
The life-saving feature of eCall is the accurate information it provides on the location of the accident site: the nearest emergency centre (the Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP)) is notified immediately, and knows exactly where to go.
This results in a drastic reduction in the rescue time
An immediate localisation of the accident will allow to treat more injuries in the crucial " Golden hour " — an hour of opportunity in which the lives of critically injured people can be saved, or the severity of their injuries reduced, if they are treated by trauma specialists.
The Golden hour principle is based on medical findings demonstrating that the death rate of people with heart or respiratory failure or massive bleeding approaches 100 % one hour after the accident. .
Some private emergency call systems have been developed in the past, and some are in the market now for some car trades, but its penetration is limited (normally reserved to high-end-vehicles) and failed to ensure the appropriate service when the vehicles cross the borders. eCall aims to be introduced in all vehicles in Europe, for all trades and types, and to work anywhere the vehicle will be in Europe, thus giving service to the more than 100 million persons that travel abroad annually by car.
ECall will be built on the single European emergency number, 112, which was recently generalised in the whole EU
The 112 was introduced by Council Decision of 29 July 1991on the introduction of a single European emergency call number (91/396/EEC), Published in the Official Journal L 217, 6.8.1991, p.
31. .
This will ensure interoperability across Europe.
In order to improve localisation of emergency calls, the 112 has a complement, the E112, which should allow immediate localisation of the emergency call
Article 26 of the Universal Service Directive adopted in 2002 (Directive 2002/22/EC of 7 March 2002 on universal service and users' rights relating to electronic communications networks and services published in OJ L 108, 24.4.2002) stipulates the obligation that the public network operators make the caller location of all calls available to the emergency services to the extent technically feasible.
Commission Recommendation of 25 July 2003 on the processing of caller location information in electronic communication networks for the purpose of location-enhanced emergency call services (E112) .
By accelerating the response time to the accident by about 50%, eCall will reduce the severity of the road accidents, thus contributing to the objective of reducing road deaths in the EU
According to E-Merge and the eSafety Driving Group, 5 % to 15 % of road fatalities can be reduced to severe injuries and 10 % to 15 % of severe injuries can be reduced to slight injuries (E-Merge 2004: 49, eSafety group). .
This improvement would meet the objective of reducing road casualties and fatalities that has been fixed in the Commission's European Road safety Action Programme
European Road Safety Action Programme: Halving the number of road accident victims in the European Union by 2010: A shared responsibility, COM 2003(311) final 2.6.2003.
The aim of the Programme is to reduce by 2010 the total number of road deaths from 43 000 to 25 000. and agreed by the Council.
The shorter rescue time - faster arrival of rescue teams, police and towing firms- enables the accident scene to be cleared more quickly, eCall will thus reduce the congestion time and contribute to the efficiency of road transportation in Europe with a reduction of external costs, which could amount to € 4 billion in Europe
The evaluation of the reduction in congestion time as been estimated at 10% in the low-impact case and 20% reduction in the high-impact case (see Study on the potential socio-economic impact of the introduction of Intelligent Safety Systems in Road Vehicles (SEiSS) final report 2005, point 5). .
The overall savings of eCall related to accident reduction, including social and health costs and lost “public” income calculated for the European Community could amount to nearly €21 billion each year.
Taking into account the necessary annual investments on the in-vehicle systems, to upgrade the PSAPs and to train the emergency services staff (estimated € 4.5 billion); a substantial cost-benefit ratio for eCall can be expected.
Even with a lower estimated success rate and higher costs the benefit-cost ratio stays positive
See SEiSS study and E-Merge, 2004. .
For the global organisation of eCall emergency service, Member States will have the choice between direct management or by delegation of management of PSAP public service.
2.
Action plan for the implementation of the scheme
An eCall Driving Group was established to produce framework architecture and a business model for eCall, and to define the roles for both the public and private stakeholders.
It includes representatives from the Member States, the Commission, telecom operators, PSAP operators, vehicle manufacturers, equipment suppliers, motorway operators, automobile clubs, insurance industry and service providers.
The eCall Driving Group has produced a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on implementing eCall.
The aim of the MoU is to ensure that eCall will work in any EU Member State.
The MoU is a commitment of the stakeholders to implement the eCall together
It should however be noted that the MoU does not create any legal obligation between Parties. on the basis of common approved architecture and interface specifications, including the Minimum Set of Data (MSD).
The MoU was signed in August 2004 by the European Commission, ACEA on behalf of the automotive industry and the multi-sector partnership ERTICO on behalf of its partners.
The MoU has now over 50 signatures among which 6 are from Member States.
Other 5 Member States have initiated the procedure for its signature.
Switzerland has also signed the MoU.
The eSafety partners have agreed on a Road Map for eCall roll-out, the main milestones are the following:
a) By the end of 2005 , agreeing on eCall roll-out plan, business model and standards
b) By mid-2006 , full specification of the in-vehicle eCall system and start of development
c) In 2007 , full-scale field tests with early adopters
d) After September 2009 , introduction of eCall as standard equipment in all vehicles entering the market.
3.
Was has been done already?
Ø The eCall Driving Group, with the participation of all stakeholders, has advanced in the specification of the performance criteria for the eCall service.
Ø The Driving Group has produced the first drafts specifications for the different domains of the system (in-vehicle system, interface to mobile networks operators, mobile network, interface to PSAPs, PSAPs)
Ø The Commission requested ETSI to produce the standard protocols to transmit the minimum set of data associated to an eCall from the in-vehicle system to the PSAPs.
ETSI MSG is carrying out this task, and requested 3GPP to investigate the technical requirements for the transmission of the data from the in-vehicle systems to the PSAPs through mobile telephone networks (GSM, GPRS, UMTS).
Standards are expected by end of March 2006
Ø ETSI and CEN have opened a working item to standardise the Minimum Set of Data architecture.
Ø Some Member States (Finland, the Netherlands) are upgrading their emergency services including eCall functionality.
Finland has implemented an eCall testbed.
Implementation of emergency n° 112 in the EU Member States
Situation in Member States
Availability of 112
Available in all Member States
Call answering and handling (PSAP 5 )
Operational in 15 Member States
10 other Member States have deficiencies in language and/or organisation
Deficiencies in language is not a major problem for eCall as the relevant information is transmitted automatically
Caller location (E112)
10 Member States have completed the process
Information-Promotion of 112
10 Member States have taken sufficient action
Implementation of eCall in the EU Member States
Member State
eCall MoU signature
Implementation status
Belgium
Discussion between Ministries
Upgrading and reorganisation of emergency centres
Czech Republic
Procedure started
E112 operational.
Candidate for pilot
Denmark
Procedure started
Germany
Support to eCall.
Lander delegated into Federal Ministry
Signature conditioned to solve data privacy issue
Estonia
Greece
Signed
Spain
Regional competence
E112 operational.
Position paper critical with eCall.
Meeting to follow
France
Discussion between Ministries
Ireland
Italy
Signed
Upgrading emergency services.
Candidate for pilot
Cyprus
Signed
Latvia
Lithuania
Signed
Upgrading emergency centres
Luxembourg
Hungary
Procedure started
Upgrading emergency centres.
Expert meeting Spring 06.
Candidate for pilot
Malta
Discussion between Ministries
Starting socio-economic study
The Netherlands
Procedure started
Upgrading PSAPs.
Implementation on 2006.
Candidate for pilot
Austria
Supports eCall in general, but ongoing internal coordination process
Signature related to clarification on data protection question
Poland
Portugal
Discussion between Ministries
Slovenia
Signed
Slovakia
Finland
Signed
Testbed operational.
Candidate for pilot
Sweden
Signed
Candidate for pilot
United Kingdom
Subject to financial perspectives
E112 operational.
Research on RSQ on UK PSAPs
4.
What still needs to be done in order to be ready for 2010?
Ø Achievement of the operational implementation of 112 and E112 as the one and only emergency number with localisation in Europe.
In order to have the background service ready for immediate implementation of eCall, Member States should also insure the viability of their PSAPs -, through equipment and upgrading - so as to operate location-enhanced E112 calls and eCalls.
Member States should also ensure that the personnel of PSAPs are capable of adequately handling the eCalls originating from vehicles and that language support is provided.
They should also upgrade their whole rescue chain (PSAPs, dispatching, emergency vehicles, and hospital emergency rooms).
Ø Accelerate the signature of the MoU by Member States in order to give the necessary signal to the industry
Six Member States have already signed the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on the phasing-in of the initiative, five other should do so in a near future.
For some MS the agreement will take the form of a support letter instead of a proper signature (Germany and France). and citizens.
As the industry will be willing to finalise investments and equipment if it is sure that Member states give sufficient guarantee on their share of burden to undertake, the main issue lies on Member States' willingness and readiness for providing the background emergency services for 2009-2010 (mainly setting up suitable emergency stations and rescue response capacity).
Ø Make sure that stable and viable standards for e Call technology are finalised by ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) for mid-2006 at the latest.
Ø Complete the work of the eCall Driving Group defining the specifications of the systems and agreeing on a positive business model.
Ø Launch extensive Field Operational Test with early adopters.
Conclusion of the rapporteur
As it should save around 2,500 lives per annum in the EU and €26 billion in accident and congestion costs, your rapporteur recommends that this initiative should be encouraged and supported by the European Parliament.
The eCall system should be implemented by 2009 and should not be subject to any unnecessary delay.
It is important to note, however, that the automotive or telecommunications industry should not bear any significant costs without the guarantee that public expenditures and actions are also taken at a Member State level along the time line agreed upon in the action plan and the Memorandum of Understanding.
This is particularly important with regard to the objective of having operational PSAPs and a viable chain of emergency services based on E112 localisation data by the end of 2007.
If there is a lack of willingness from stakeholders to act, public and private incentive solutions should be examined by Commission.
Your rapporteur considers that a pan-European in-vehicle emergency call system will add value over and above what national means could provide alone.
MENETLUS
Pealkiri
Liiklusohutus: kodanikele hädaabikõnede lähemale toomine
Menetluse number
2005/2211(INI)
Vastutav komisjon istungil teada andmise kuupäev
TRAN 17.11.2005
Arvamuse esitaja(d) istungil teada andmise kuupäev
ITRE 17.11.2005
Arvamuse esitamisest loobumine otsuse kuupäev
ITRE 23.11.2005
Tõhustatud koostöö istungil teada andmise kuupäev
Raportöör(id) nimetamise kuupäev
Gary Titley 11.10.2005
Endine raportöör / Endised raportöörid
Arutamine parlamendikomisjonis
25.1.2006
21.2.2006
Vastuvõtmise kuupäev
21.3.2006
Lõpphääletuse tulemused
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32
3
2
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Lõpphääletuse ajal kohal olnud asendusliige / asendusliikmed (kodukorra art 178 lg 2)
Esitamise kuupäev
23.3.2006
Märkused (andmed on kättesaadavad ainult ühes keeles)
